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Chapter Ten Some One Had Blundered In this chapter I give details from four different fields to justify the contention made in the introduction that the philosophical errors listed there have been at the root of disasters of many kinds. The reorganisation of the National Health Service was typical of what I have called solutioneering, a far-reaching change undertaken with only vague and untesta..

Chapter Seven The Straightjacket of Planning On the 28th of July 1914 all the great European powers were at peace. By the 4th of August all but Italy were at war. According to A. J. P. Taylor's account of that week, in itself hilarious if one forgets the fearful consequences, the politicians `were dragged into war by their armies, instead of using the armies to further their policies'. The armi..

Chapter Four Democracy in Theory The Open Society and its Enemies is the story of democracy, with an exhaustive explanation and reasoned advocacy of it, not as the best of all possible worlds, but as the best practical scheme so far invented, and one which is capable of almost indefinite improvement. Popper does not dodge the question: what is democracy? `We may distinguish two main types of go..

Roger James Return to Reason, Open Books, Somerset, 1980 Chapter 1 The importance of criticism 'The central mistake is ... the quest for certainty.' Popper: O.K.63 Although by no means everybody makes a study of hilosophy in the way that we all study arithmetic, everybody has what may be called his own philosophy, picked up in much the same way as he picks up his native language. But whereas hi..

Roger James Return to Reason, Open Books, Somerset, 1980 Contents Introduction Chapter 1 The importance of criticism Chapter 2 Three worlds Chapter 3 Forms of unreason Chapter 4 Democracy in theory Chapter 5 Psychology against culture Chapter 6 Conditioning is an illusion Chapter 7 The straitjacket of planning Chapter 8 The concrete Jerusalem Chapter 9 Blinding with science Chapter 10 Some one ..